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. 2018 May 30;8:8398. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26371-y

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Characterization of myofibre type and length of LatB-, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds. (a) Representative z-stack confocal images of longitudinal sections from contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB-, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation. Laminin (magenta) and myosins recognising type 2 A (green), type 2B (red), type 2AB (green and red) and type 1 (blue) myofibres were identified by immunofluorescence. Scale bar: 25 µm. (b) Representative z-stack confocal images of longitudinal and cross-sectional sections from contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB-, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation. Type 2 A (green), type 2B (red), type 2AB (green and red), type 1 (blue), and type X (black) myofibres were identified together with laminin (magenta) staining. Scale bar, 100 µm. (c) Quantification of type 2 A, 2B, 2AB, type 1 and type X myofibres in contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB-, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. Statistical analysis was performed by using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test and reported in Supplementary Table 2. (d) Quantification of the mean length of myofibre major axis in contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation. **P < 0.01 compared to UNTD; ^§P < 0.01 compared to SDS; one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test; n = 4–6, each group. (e) Representative confocal images of sections from contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB-, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation; staining for Pax7 (red - arrows) and laminin (green) and dapi (blue). Scale bar: 10 µm. (f) Quantification of Pax7+ cells in sublaminar position per myofibre in contralateral untreated EDL muscle (UNTD) and LatB, DET- and SDS-implanted scaffolds two months after implantation. Data are shown as mean ± s.e.m. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01 compared to UNTD.