Table 3.
Fetal growth conditioned on genetic risk.
| Adjusted | GA2 × GRS | GA2 × BMI | GA2 × Sex | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | %-points·d−1·allele1 | P | β | %-points·d−1·m2·kg−1 | P | β | %-points·d−1 | P | ||
| Weight (incl. birth weight) | No | 5.71·10−5 (7.21·10−6; 1.07·10−4) |
1.42·10−2 (1.44·10−3; 2.1·10−2) |
0.025 | ||||||
| Yes | 4.46·10−8 (2.16·10−8; 6.98·10−8) | 8.92·10−6 (4.32·10−6; 1.40·10−5) | 2.0·10−4 | 4.1·10−8 (1.87·10−8; 6.24·10−8) | 8.2·10−6 (3.74·10−6; 1.25·10−5) | 3.3·10−4 | −4.99·10−7 (−7.13·10−7; −2.85·10−7) |
−9.98·10−5 (−1.43·10−4; −5.7·10−5) |
4.7·10−6 | |
| Weight (excl. birth weight) | No | 3.35·10−5 (1.34·10−6; 6.57·10−5) | 6.7·10−3 (2.68·10−4; 1.3·10−2) | 0.041 | ||||||
| Yes | 3.74·10−8 (8.21·10−9; 6.65·10−8) | 7.78·10−6 (1.64·10−6; 1.33·10−5) | 0.012 | 4.21·10−8 (1.58·10−8; 6.65·10−8) | 8.42·10−6 (3.16·10−6; 1.33·10−5) | 0.0017 | −4.53·10−7 (−7.1·10−7; −1.95·10−7) |
−9.06·10−5 (−1.4·10−4; −3.9·10−5) |
5.9·10−4 | |
| Occipitofrontal diameter | No | 4.13·10−7 (−7.14·10−7; 1.54·10−6) |
8.3·10−5 (−1.43·10−4; 3.08·10−4) |
0.470 | ||||||
| Yes | 4.29·10−9 (−7.09·10−9; 1.57·10−8) | 8.58·10−7 (−1.42·10−6; 3.14·10−6) | 0.460 | 1.20·10−8 (1.69·10−9; 2.22·10−8) | 2.4·10−6 (3.38·10−7; 4.44·10−6) | 0.022 | −3.27·10−7 (−4.27·10−7; −2.26·10−7) |
−6.54·10−5 (−8.54·10−5; −4.52·10−5) |
2.2·10−10 | |
| Abdominal circumference | No | 4.49·10−6 (1.11·10−6; 7.88·10−6) | 8.9·10−4 (2.22·10−4; 15.76·10−4) | 0.009 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.61·10−8 (3.01·10−9; 2.91·10−8) | 3.22·10−6 (6.02·10−7; 5.82·10−6) | 0.016 | 1.3·10−8 (1.41·10−9; 2.50·10−8) | 2.6·10−6 (2.82·10−7; 5·10−6) | 0.028 | −1.69·10−7 (−2.84·10−7; −5.29·10−8) | −5.07·10−5 (−5.68·10−5; −1.06·10−5) | 0.0043 | |
| Femur length | No | 4.23·10−7 (−1.92·10−7; 1.04·10−6) | 8.46·10−5 (−3.84·10−6; 2.08·10−6) | 0.178 | ||||||
| Yes | 4.23·10−7 (−1.92·10−7; 1.04·10−6) | 8.46·10−5 (−3.84·10−5; 2.08·10−4) |
0.178 | 8.8·10−7 (3.31·10−7; 1.44·10−6) | 1.7·10−4 (6.6·10−5; 2.9·10−6) | 0.0018 | 1.97·10−8 (−3.48·10−6; 7.42·10−6) | 3.94·10−6 (−6.96·10−4; 1.5·10−3) |
0.480 | |
| Biparietal diameter | No | 5.33·10−7 (−4.55·10−7; 1.52·10−6) | 1.66·10−4 (−9.1·10−5; 3.04·10−4) | 0.290 | ||||||
| Yes | 5.95·10−9 (−6.02·10−9; 1.79·10−8) | 1.19·10−6 (−1.20·10−6; 3.58·10−6) | 0.330 | 9.64·10−9 (−1.15·10−9; 2.04·10−8) | 1.93·10−6 (−2.3·10−7; 4.08·10−6) | 0.080 | −3.14·10−7 (−4.2·10−7; −2.08·10−7) | −6.28·10−5 (−8.4·10−5; −4.15·10−5) | 6.8·10−9 | |
Data is presented as raw parameter estimates (β) and estimates transformed to the original scale with respective 95% confidence intervals and corresponding P values. Fetal growth conditioned on genetic birth weight risk score (GRS) with or without co-conditioning on maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and fetal sex was modelled using linear mixed regression. GA2 × GRS represents the additive per allele effect of the GRS on change in daily proportional weight gain per day. GA2 × BMI represent the additive effect of a one unit (kg·m2) increment in BMI on change in daily proportional weight gain per day. GA2 × Sex represent the additive effect of female fetal sex on change in daily proportional weight gain per day.