FIGURE 5.
Influence of ammonium (NH4+) nutrition on chloroplast methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification pathway. Activities of (A) glyoxalase I and (B) glyoxalase II in chloroplasts isolated from leaf tissue of nitrate (NO3–)-grown and NH4+-grown plants. Values are the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of 3 biological and 2 technical replicates. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) between NO3–-grown and NH4+-grown plants are indicated by an asterisk (∗).