Table 1.
mean and standard error of sleep stage characteristics; *time in minutes.
| Sleep parameters | Patients | Control | difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| *Sleep latency (SL; Time to fall asleep after lights off) | 23.9 ± 4.01 | 15.9 ± 1.96 | 8.0 |
| Sleep period time (SPT; sleep onset to awakening (incl. wake)) | 497 ± 13.64 | 475.4 ± 12.6 | 21.6 |
| Total sleep time (*TST; Time spend asleep (i.e. SPT- wake)) | 394.3 ± 14.49 | 403.3 ± 10.13 | −9.0 |
| Sleep efficiency (SE; % asleep as a function of time in bed) | 72.0 ± 2.67 | 79.1 ± 1.97 | −7.1 |
| Wake since sleep onset (WASO; Time spent awake after sleep initiation) | 107.2 ± 10.18 | 72.1 ± 8.90 | 30.6 |
| % N1; % stage 1 in SPT | 15.4 ± 1.88 | 13.3 ± 1.98 | 2.1 |
| % N2; % stage 2 in SPT | 45.5 ± 2.54 | 49.4 ± 2.51 | −3.9 |
| % N3 (slow wave sleep; % stage 3 in SPT) | 1.4 ± 0.46 | 4.0 ± 1.84 | −2.6 |
| % REM (rapid eye movements; REM sleep in SPT) | 17.2 ± 1.01 | 18.3 ± 1.15 | −1.1 |