Table 3.
Cases of major gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking direct oral anticoagulants.
| Age, sex | NOAC | Lesion | Prescription (month) | BARC | Other factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Upper GI | |||||
| 92 F | D | Gastric ulcer | 11 | 3a | PPI (-) |
| 96 F | R | Gastric ulcer | 42 | 3a | PPI (-) |
| 63 M | R | Duodenal ulcer | 29 | 3b | PPI (-) |
| 74 M | R | Gastric ulcer | 32 | 3a | PPI (-) |
| 83 F | A | Gastric ulcer | 16 | 3a | PPI (-) |
| 84 M | A | Ulcer s/o |
12 | 3a | PPI (-), steroid |
| 72 M | A | Duodenal ulcer | 25 | 3b | PPI (-), operation |
| Lower GI | |||||
| 78 M | D | Ileal erosion | 23 | 3a | DAPT |
| 80 M | D | Colon diverticulosis | 7 | 3a | - |
| 72 F | R | Colon vascular ectasia | 8 | 3a | NSAID, steroid |
| 75 M | R | Post EMR for colon polyp | 24 | 3a | LDA |
| 85 F | A | Colon diverticulosis | 3 | 3b | NSAID |
Major bleeding means bleeding greater than Bleeding Academic Research Consortium classification type 3. NOAC: nonvitamin K oral administrative drugs, F: female, M: male, GI, gastrointestinal, D: dabigatran, R: rivaroxaban, A: apixaban, PPI: proton pump inhibitor, DAPT: double antiplatelet therapy, EMR: endoscopic mucosal resection, and NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.