Table 6.

Significant clinical factors relating lower gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants.

Factor	Adjusted HR (95% CI)	p value
NSAIDs	12.6 (3.2–49.1)	<0.001
Dual antiplatelet	8.6 (2.7–27.1)	<0.001
Past GIB	15.1 (3.2–72.0)	0.001
Female	3.2 (0.1–0.8)	0.019

Analysis was done by Cox proportional hazard model with stepwise forward likelihood method. HR: hazard ratio, CI: confidence interval, NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and GIB: gastrointestinal bleeding.