Table 2.
Cellular targets and receptor usages.
| Primary Cell | Receptor | References | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Brain | |||
| Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) | AXL, TLR3 | [80,84,85] | |
| Astroglial cells | AXL | [36,81,86,87,88] | |
| Microglial cells | AXL | [81] | |
| Placenta | |||
| Hofbauer cells | AXL, Tyro3, TIM1 | [67,68,83] | |
| Trophoblasts | AXL, Tyro3, TIM1, TLR3, TLR8 | [67,68,83] | |
| Endothelial cells | AXL, Tyro3, TIM1 | [33,83] | |
| Skin | |||
| Dermal fibroblasts | AXL, TIM-1, TYRO3, TLR3, RIG-I, MDA5 | [64,89] | |
| Epidermal keratinocytes | AXL, TIM-1, TYRO3, TLR3, RIG-I, MDA5 | [64] | |
| Immune cells | |||
| Immature dendritic cells | DC-SIGN | [64,65] | |
| Dendritic cells | DC-SIGN | [66] | |
| CD14+ monocytes | Unknown | [90,91,92] | |
| CD14+CD16+ monocytes | Unknown | [91] | |
| Testis | |||
| Sertoli cell | AXL | [28,93,94] | |
| Spermatozoa | Tyro3 | [95,96] | |
| Kidney | |||
| Renal mesangial cell | Unknown | [97] | |
| Glomerular podocytes | Unknown | ||
| Renal Glomerular Endothelial Cell | Unknown | ||
| Retina | |||
| Retinal pericytes | Tyro3, AXL | [1,98] | |
| Retinal microvascular endothelial cells | Tyro3, AXL | ||
| Permissive human cell lines | |||
| Cell line | Origins | Permissiveness | References |
| SK-N-SH | Brain/Bone marrow | ** | [99] |
| SH-SY5Y | Nerve | ** | [100] |
| SF268 | CNS in brain | *** | [42,70] |
| HBMEC | Brain | *** | [69,94] |
| SNB19 | CNS in brain | *** | [42] |
| Huh-7 | Liver | *** | [70] |
| HFF-1 | Skin | *** | [64] |
| A549 | Lung | *** | [100,101] |
| HOBIT | Osteoblast-like Cells | *** | [102] |
Note: **, moderate permissive; ***, highly permissive.