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. 2018 May 3;8(5):296. doi: 10.3390/nano8050296

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Encapsulation and culture of VICs within fibrosa-like (F-like) but not spongiosa-like (S-like) hydrogels affected hydrogel mechanics: (a) The median Young’s modulus of cell-free 3D-bioprinted F-like (5% GelMA/1% HAMA/90 s crosslinking) and S-like (5% GelMA/1% HAMA/30 s crosslinking) hydrogels did not change over 14 days of culture in NM; (b) The median Young’s modulus of VIC-laden F-like hydrogels (and not S-like hydrogels) decreased significantly over time in culture (14 days), regardless of NM or OM treatment conditions. Median shown; n = 3–5 samples per condition (9 measurements per sample); (c,d) Representative images and quantification of bright-field microscopy demonstrated that after 3 and 14 days in culture (NM and/or OM), pore sizes of F-like and S-like hydrogels were not significantly different. Mean + SEM; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; n = 3 samples per condition; scale bar = 100 µm.