Table 2.
Examples of nanotheranostic systems developed to treat GBM.
| Nanoparticle Type | Cargo | Surface Functionalization | Contrast Agent | Detection Method | Combined Therapy | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSN | Sunitinib | VEGF121 and 64Cu | 64Cu | PET | - | [117] |
| MSN | - | In111 | In111 | SPECT and fluorescence microscopy | - | [118] |
| SPION | DOX | - | Iron oxide | MRI | Magnetic hyperthermia | [119] |
| SPION | TMZ and siRNA of the MGMT gene | - | Iron oxide | MRI | - | [120] |
| PLGA-SPION | TMZ | PLGA coating | Iron oxide | MRI | - | [121] |
| SPION | - | Lysine coating | Iron oxide | MRI | Magnetic hyperthermia | [122] |
| Fe(Salen) nanoparticles | - | - | Iron oxide | MRI | Magnetic hyperthermia | [123] |
| Micelles | SPION and Au nanoparticles | PEG-PCL coating | Iron oxide | MRI | Radiotherapy | [124] |
| Selenium nanoparticles | CdTe/ZnS quantum dots and ruthenium complexes | - | Quantum dots | Fluorescence | - | [125] |
Key: MSN, mesoporous silica nanoparticle; SPION, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle; PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid); Fe(Salen), μ-oxo N,N′-bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine iron; DOX, doxorubicin; TMZ, temozolomide; PEG-PCL, polyethylenglycol-poly-ε-caprolactone; PET, positron emission tomography; SPECT, single photon emission computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.