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Condition of unbalanced DIF with 45% DIF items favoring the reference group; sample size ranges from (250; 250) to (1,500; 1,500); left: the scale shift when the anchor is contaminated; right: the scale shift in case of pure anchors.
Note. DIF = differential item functioning; AO = all-other selection; SA = single-anchor selection; NC = next candidate selection.
