Table 4.

Constraint Management Results for the Item Selection Methods.

	Number of violations
Item selection methods	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	Averaged
Between-item pool
Correlation = .8
R	0.07	0.37	0.40	0.14	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.31
MDFIM	0.17	0.40	0.35	0.08	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.68
MPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
MMPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Correlation = .4
R	0.08	0.38	0.39	0.14	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	3.27
MDFIM	0.16	0.43	0.34	0.07	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.64
MPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
MMPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Within-item pool
Correlation = .8
R	0.32	0.42	0.20	0.05	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.01
MDFIM	0.29	0.47	0.23	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.96
MPI	0.97	0.03	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.06
MMPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Correlation = .4
R	0.31	0.42	0.20	0.06	0.01	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.06
MDFIM	0.31	0.45	0.21	0.03	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	1.93
MPI	0.94	0.06	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.13
MMPI	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

Note. Four item selection methods in this study were (a) the randomized (R) item selection, (b) the MDFIM, (c) the MPI, and (d) the MMPI. MDFIM = maximum determinant of the Fisher information matrix; MPI = multidimensional priority index; MMPI = modified multidimensional priority index.