Table 3.

Complications and outcome in 51 episodes of prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) caused by Propionibacterium spp.

Complication	Total (n = 51)		Surgically treated (n = 32)		Medically treated (n = 19)		p-Valuea
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Cardiac failure	13	25.4	11	34.4	2	10.5	0.096
Cerebral involvement	9	17.6	4	12.5	5	26.3	0.266
Systemic embolism	6	11.8	4	12.5	2	10.5	1
Paravalvular abscess	13	25.4	11	34.4	2	10.5	0.096
In-hospital mortality	1	2.0	1	3.1	0	0	1
Relapse	3b	5.9	0	0	3b	15.8	0.046

^ap-Value using two-tailed Fisher’s exact test comparing outcome in episodes treated surgically vs. antibiotic treatment only

^bThree relapse episodes in total, with one patient suffering two relapses