Encapsulation of rhMG53 by Sundew-inspired hydrogels. (A–E) Confocal fluorescence microscopy of Alexa 647-labeled MG53s packed in different hydrogels. For each hydrogel, one typical fluorescence image and one corresponding optical bright field image were shown. (A) Hydrogel (3-3-15). (B) Hydrogel (4-5-20). The red arrows in (B) indicate the localized reservoir area containing MG53. (C) Hydrogel (6-4-20). (D) Hydrogel (6-7-21). (E) Hydrogel (8-7-27). (F–O) Exploring the mechanisms of interactions between MG53 proteins and Sundew-inspired hydrogels. (F,G) Optical bright images of MG53-packed hydrogel (6-4-20). (F) was obtained by pipetting a drop of hydrogel onto a coverslip, and (G) was obtained by scratching the hydrogel drop with another coverslip to form a thin layer on the coverslip. Reservoir areas are denoted by the arrows in (F) and circle in (G). (H–J) AFM height image (H), AFM deflection image (I), and higher resolution AFM deflection image (J) of a reservoir area of the hydrogel. The red arrows in (I) indicate the scaffolds. (K) AFM height image of the reservoir area of the hydrogel (6-4-20). (L) AFM height image of the reservoir area of the hydrogel (6-6-20). (M) AFM height image of the solution (0-6-20). (N) AFM height image of the solution (0-8-20). (O) Zeta potential gum arabic nanoparticles in pure water.