| 3D culture system | three dimensional semisolid culture system |
| αKG | a-ketoglutarate |
| 5mc | 5-methylcytosine |
| 5hmc | 5-hydroxymethylcytosine |
| CK7 | cytokeratin |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| Nkx2.2 | Nk2 homeobox 2 |
| Nkx6.1 | Nk6 homeobox 1 |
| Pax4 | paired box 4 |
| Pax6 | paired box 6 |
| Pdx1 | pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 |
| Sox9 | (sex determining region Y)-box 9 |
| ROS | Reactive oxide species |
| MSP | methylation-specific PCR, |
| Oligo | oligomycin A |
| 2-DG | 2-Deoxy-d-glucose |
| Tet | tet methylcytosine dioxygenase |
| TCA | Tricaboxylic acid cycle |
| Cs | citrate synthase |
| Idh | isocitrate dehydrogenase |
| Ogdh | oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |