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Tolerance limits of interferences in the detection of CA 19-9 antigen in serum using fluorescence CQDs/Au–Ab–HRP immunoassay method.
| Immobilized CQDs/Au/HRP Method | |
|---|---|
| Interfering species (10 ng mL−1) | Tolerable value |
| Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Ag+, Ba2+ | 1000 |
| Glucose, sucrose, lactose | 650 |
| Glycine, alanine, histidine, valine | 420 |
| Uric acid, ascorbic acid, caffeine | 250 |
| CA 27-29, CA 15-3, CA 125, and PSA | 510 |
