Figure 2.

Resident and recruited macrophages subsets are present in VAT from pregnant women. Immunophenotyping of stromal vascular fraction macrophages obtained from VAT collected during cesarean section of women who started pregnancy with normal weight or who were overweight or obese using flow cytometry. (A) After exclusion of doublet cells and death cells, a CD45 versus CD14 gate identified two different cell populations: one CD45⁺CD14⁺ population with hematopoietic origin (recruited) and another CD45⁻CD14⁺ population with non-hematopoietic origin (resident). Both populations were gated based on macrophage marker HLD-DR on total CD14-positive cells. Two subsets were identified in resident and recruited macrophages: HLA-DR^low/− and HLA-DR⁺. Plots illustrate representative data from individual subjects. (B) Scatter plots showing cell number per gram of resident and recruited CD14⁺ cells in pregnant women with normal pregestational weight (n = 7), overweight (n = 7), and obesity (n = 7). Data show that resident cell number (CD45⁻CD14⁺) is lower in obese subjects, while the number of recruited cells (CD45⁺CD14⁺) is higher in women who are overweight in the pregestational period. (C,D) VAT macrophage subsets in resident and recruited cells. Scatter plots show a higher number of resident macrophages with HLA-DR^low/− expression compared to HLA-DR⁺ macrophages in all study groups, while the number of CD45⁻CD14⁺ HLA-DR^low/− is significantly lower in the pregestational obesity group. In the recruited macrophage population, both subsets (CD45⁻ CD14⁺ HLA-D^low/− and CD45⁻CD14⁺ HLA-DR⁺) are significantly decreased in the pregestational obesity group. Recruited HLA-DR^low/− macrophages are significantly higher in the overweight group compared with recruited HLA-DR⁺ macrophages. Data are expressed as median of cells/g. * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01, calculated by Mann–Whitney test.