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. 2018 Mar 22;42(1):237–247. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3585

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Fisetin reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mice with acute otitis media. The pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum of mice were calculated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods, including (A) interleukin-1β (IL-1β), (B) tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), (C) IL-6 and (D) VEGF. The pro-inflammatory cytokines in the middle ear effusions of mice were assessed via ELISA kits, including (E) IL-1β, (F) TNF-α, (G) IL-6 and (H) VEGF. The quantification is displayed. Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n=10). *p<0.05, **p<0.01 and ***p<0.001 vs. the control (Con) group; +p<0.05, ++p<0.01 and +++p<0.001 vs. the LPS group.