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. 2018 Mar 26;8:5158. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-23568-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of exercise on alcohol induced neuronal damage. (a,b) Representative western blot analysis showing the levels of neuronal proteins (NeuN and NSC) in different mice groups (a). Histogram showing the quantitative estimation of nNOS and NSE proteins after normalization with GAPDH (b). (c,d) Representative images showing coronal slices of mice brains stained with cresyl violet (40× magnification) (c). Scatter dot plot showing the number of cresyl violet positive cells in different groups of mice (d). (e,f) Representative images showing Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining in brain sections of the different groups of mice (10× magnification). A marked decrease of FJC-stained degenerating neurons (arrows) were observed in CT, EX and AL+EX groups, indicating a lesser degree of neuronal cell death. Brain sections of AL treated mice showing a greater number of FJC-positive neurons (arrows), reflecting increased neuronal cell death (e). Scatter dot plot showing the numbers of degenerating neurons in different experimental mice groups (f). All the data are represented as mean values ± standard error (SE) in 5 independent experiments. *^,#p < 0.05 considered significant. *p < 0.05 vs. CT and ^#p < 0.05 vs. AL group. Uncropped blots for a are presented in Supplementary Fig. 8.