Table 3.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI for the associations between plasma metabolite levels and pancreatic cancer risk
| Metabolite | Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P for trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xylitol | |||||
| Median, μg/mL | 0.06 | 0.14 | 0.27 | 0.34 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 34/85 | 50/85 | 47/85 | 39/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.80 (0.94‐3.44) | 1.88 (0.81‐4.34) | 1.52 (0.64‐3.60) | .57 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.88 (0.95‐3.72) | 1.77 (0.73‐4.28) | 1.39 (0.56‐3.46) | .78 |
| 1,5‐AG | |||||
| Median, μg/mL | 14.7 | 22.2 | 29.3 | 39.9 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 53/85 | 49/85 | 35/85 | 33/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.58‐1.51) | 0.59 (0.34‐1.02) | 0.50 (0.27‐0.93) | .02 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.03 (0.62‐1.71) | 0.66 (0.37‐1.17) | 0.56 (0.29‐1.09) | .06 |
| Histidine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 67.6 | 80.2 | 89.2 | 100.9 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 38/85 | 41/85 | 43/85 | 48/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.23 (0.63‐2.39) | 1.35 (0.66‐2.77) | 1.53 (0.75‐3.12) | .24 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.16 (0.58‐2.30) | 1.29 (0.61‐2.72) | 1.47 (0.70‐3.09) | .28 |
| Inositol | |||||
| Median, μg/mL | 2.74 | 3.55 | 4.38 | 5.55 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 37/85 | 48/85 | 27/85 | 58/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.34 (0.77‐2.36) | 0.76 (0.39‐1.48) | 1.75 (0.94‐3.24) | .17 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.52 (0.85‐2.71) | 0.85 (0.42‐1.68) | 1.85 (0.98‐3.49) | .17 |
| Threonine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 167.4 | 212.6 | 245.3 | 310.3 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 36/85 | 45/85 | 48/85 | 41/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.30 (0.74‐2.30) | 1.39 (0.79‐2.45) | 1.19 (0.65‐2.20) | .57 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.39 (0.77‐2.51) | 1.38 (0.77‐2.46) | 1.19 (0.63‐2.25) | .64 |
| Methionine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 19.6 | 24.6 | 27.9 | 34.0 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 34/85 | 34/85 | 53/85 | 49/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.09 (0.61‐1.95) | 1.91 (1.03‐3.53) | 1.79 (0.94‐3.40) | .03 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.06 (0.59‐1.91) | 1.82 (0.97‐3.43) | 1.64 (0.85‐3.17) | .07 |
| Arabinose | |||||
| Median, μg/mL | 0.15 | 0.23 | 0.31 | 0.49 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 41/85 | 45/85 | 41/85 | 43/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.10 (0.64‐1.88) | 1.01 (0.54‐1.87) | 1.05 (0.55‐2.01) | .94 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.04 (0.59‐1.83) | 0.98 (0.52‐1.85) | 1.05 (0.53‐2.09) | .93 |
| Asparagine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 46.2 | 52.6 | 61.2 | 73.3 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 50/85 | 48/85 | 29/85 | 43/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 0.88 (0.51‐1.52) | 0.51 (0.28‐0.95) | 0.74 (0.40‐1.36) | .18 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.53‐1.63) | 0.54 (0.29‐1.01) | 0.82 (0.44‐1.55) | .32 |
| Glutamine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 515.8 | 604.7 | 676.8 | 766.0 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 44/85 | 42/85 | 39/85 | 45/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 0.93 (0.50‐1.71) | 0.86 (0.45‐1.65) | 1.00 (0.51‐1.99) | 1.00 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 0.96 (0.51‐1.80) | 0.88 (0.45‐1.73) | 0.98 (0.48‐1.98) | .92 |
| Lysine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 164.1 | 198.2 | 226.5 | 269.9 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 35/85 | 41/85 | 44/85 | 50/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.39 (0.75‐2.56) | 1.58 (0.81‐3.10) | 1.82 (0.92‐3.58) | .09 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.53 (0.81‐2.89) | 1.67 (0.82‐3.38) | 1.86 (0.92‐3.77) | .12 |
| Tyrosine | |||||
| Median, nmol/mL | 93.1 | 116.0 | 134.1 | 158.4 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 36/85 | 46/85 | 39/85 | 49/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.32 (0.75‐2.33) | 1.15 (0.63‐2.09) | 1.45 (0.80‐2.63) | .30 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 1.26 (0.71‐2.26) | 1.00 (0.54‐1.84) | 1.15 (0.62‐2.14) | .85 |
| Uric acid | |||||
| Median, mg/dL | 3.48 | 4.83 | 5.93 | 7.38 | |
| Cases (n)/controls (n) | 47/85 | 50/85 | 26/85 | 47/85 | |
| OR (95% CI)a | 1.00 (reference) | 1.01 (0.60‐1.68) | 0.52 (0.28‐0.95) | 0.94 (0.53‐1.66) | .45 |
| OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (reference) | 0.98 (0.58‐1.65) | 0.48 (0.25‐0.90) | 0.82 (0.45‐1.50) | .27 |
Based on conditional logistic regression analysis.
a
OR was adjusted for age (5‐y age group), gender, public health center (PHC) area, and duration of the fasting period prior to blood sampling (less than 7 hours, 7 hours or more, or unknown).
b
OR was adjusted for age (5‐y age group), gender, PHC area, duration of the fasting period prior to blood sampling (less than 7 hours, 7 hours or more, or unknown), smoking, body mass index, and past history of diabetes mellitus.
CI, confidence interval; 1,5‐AG, 1,5‐anhydro‐d‐glucitol.