Table 1.
Distribution of voltage‐gated sodium channels in the nervous system
| Sodium channel | Current type | Tissue expression | Subcellular localization | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NaV1.1 | TTX‐S, fast | CNS | Cerebellum, striatum, hippocampus and thalamus (Brysch et al., 1991; Black et al., 1994) | Neuronal soma and proximal dendrites (Whitaker et al., 2001) |
| PNS | DRG large cells, Aδ‐fibres and Aαβ‐fibres and outer plexiform layer (Black and Waxman, 1996; Mojumder et al., 2007; Fukuoka et al., 2008) | |||
| NaV1.2 | TTX‐S, fast | CNS | Cerebellum and hippocampus (Gong et al., 1999; Jarnot and Corbett, 2006) | Unmyelinated axons, presynaptic terminals and immature nodes of Ranvier (Westenbroek et al., 1989; Boiko et al., 2001) |
| PNS | Cochlear ganglion and nerves, myenteric neurons and outer plexiform layer (Hossain et al., 2005; Bartoo et al., 2006; Mojumder et al., 2007) | |||
| NaV1.3 | TTX‐S, fast | CNS | Neocortex, hippocampus and dentate gyrus (Westenbroek et al., 1992; Whitaker et al., 2000) | Neuronal soma and proximal dendrites |
| PNS | Absent | |||
| NaV1.6 | TTX‐S, fast | CNS | Cerebellum and hippocampus (Schaller and Caldwell, 2000) | Node of Ranvier and axon initial segment (Caldwell et al., 2000; Boiko et al., 2001) |
| PNS | DRG large and medium cells, Aδ‐fibres, Aαβ‐fibres, myenteric neurons, cochlear ganglion and nerves and outer plexiform layer (Black and Waxman, 1996; Hossain et al., 2005; Bartoo et al., 2006; Mojumder et al., 2007; Fukuoka et al., 2008) | |||
| NaV1.7 | TTX‐S, fast | CNS | Absent | Axons |
| PNS | All DRG cell sizes, C‐fibres, Aδ‐fibres and Aαβ‐fibres (Black and Waxman, 1996; Djouhri et al., 2003b; Fukuoka et al., 2008; Rupasinghe et al., 2012) | |||
| NaV1.8 | TTX‐R, slow | CNS | Absent | Axons |
| PNS | All DRG cells sizes, C‐fibres, Aδ‐fibres, Aαβ‐fibres and trigeminal and nodosal ganglia (Black and Waxman, 1996; Bongenhielm et al., 2000; Coward et al., 2000; Djouhri et al., 2003a; Stirling et al., 2005; Fukuoka et al., 2008) | |||
| NaV1.9 | TTX‐R, very slow | CNS | Absent | Soma and axons |
| PNS | DRG small and medium cells and fibres, enteric neurons and trigeminal ganglia (Dib‐Hajj et al., 1998b; Coward et al., 2000; Padilla et al., 2007; Fukuoka et al., 2008) | |||