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. 2018 Mar 9;192(3):337–347. doi: 10.1111/cei.13111

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Poloxamer 407 (P‐407)‐induced hyper‐triglyceride‐rich lipoprotein (TGRL) state promotes kidney damage in the accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis (ANTN) model. (a) Schematic representation of the experimental design. A hyper‐TGRL state was induced in B6 mice by injecting 10 mg P‐407 intraperitoneally (i.p.) every other day for 28 days. Phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS)‐injected mice served as controls. Nine days post P‐407 treatment, the mice were immunized with sheep immunoglobulin (Ig)G followed 5 days later by intravenous (i.v.) injection of nephrotoxic serum (NTS). The mice were monitored for a further 2 weeks. Plasma levels of TG (b), cholesterol (CHOL) (c) and urea (d) at three time‐points, before commencing P‐407 injections (day 0), 14 days following P‐407 administration and prior to NTS injection (day 14) and 2 weeks after the induction of ANTN (day 28). Values represent mean ± standard error (s.e.); n = 9 in the P‐407 group, n = 11 in the PBS group; P‐values using the unpaired t‐test when comparing two groups and the paired t‐test when comparing days 0 and 28 within the same group. Due to insufficient blood collection a few samples were not available at days 0 and 14. Haaematuria (e) and proteinuria (f) measured by urine dipstick at day 28. (g) Glomerular cellularity score of periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS)‐stained kidney sections. (e–g) Horizontal bars indicate median; each circle represents a single mouse, Mann–Whitney U‐test. (h) Representative images of CD68‐ and PAS‐stained kidney sections at day 28 (scale bar = 50 μm). (i) Quantification of CD68 at day 28. Data are expressed as mean percentage of brown‐stained glomerular area/total glomerular area for 10 glomeruli per section. Each dot represents the mean % of 10 glomeruli per mouse, n = 8 in the P‐407 group, n = 10 in the PBS group. Horizontal bars indicate the mean, P‐value by unpaired t‐test. (j) Number of neutrophils counted in 50 glomeruli per section. Each dot represents one mouse. Horizontal lines denotes median, Mann–Whitney U‐test. *P < 0·05; **P < 0·01; ***P < 0·001; n.s. = not significant.