Table 1.

Parameters and the range of each used in simulations. Some parameters are dimensionless

Parameter/Variable	Definition	Bounds and units
T air	Air temperature	[10 — 40]°C
RH	Relative humidity	[20 — 100] %
Irradiance	Total irradiation	[200 — 1,200] W/m2
Wind	Wind speed	[0 — 5] m/s
Kt	Hourly diffuse to direct ratio (Reindl et al., 1990) $R_{\mathrm{diff}}/R_{\mathrm{global}}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}1.0-0.17\text{Kt}\text{for}\text{Kt}\le 0.3\hfill \\ 1.45-1.67\text{Kt}\text{for}0.3<\text{Kt}<0.78\hfill \\ 0.147\text{for}\text{Kt}\ge 0.78\hfill \end{array}\right.$	[0 — 1]
LAD	LAD = a*LADinit	[0.5 — 2]
LIAD	LIAD distribution (Wang, Li, & Su, 2007)	Defined functions: Planophile, Erectophile, Plagiophile, Uniform
b temp	Stomatal response to leaf temperature $f_1(T_{\mathrm{Leaf}})=\frac{0.97498}{1+{\left(\frac{T_{\mathrm{Leaf}}-b_{\mathrm{temp}}}{c_{\mathrm{temp}}}\right)}^2}$	[10 — 35]°C
c temp	Stomatal response to leaf temperature $f_1(T_{\mathrm{Leaf}})=\frac{0.97498}{1+{(\frac{T_{\mathrm{Leaf}}-b_{\mathrm{temp}}}{c_{\mathrm{temp}}})}^2}$	[5 — 15]°C
Gsmax	Maximal stomatal conductance	[1e‐3 — 4e‐3] m/s
d PAR	Stomatal response to PAR $f_3(\text{PAR})=\frac{a_{\mathrm{PAR}}\text{PAR}+b_{\mathrm{PAR}}}{\text{PAR}+d_{\mathrm{PAR}}}$ With b PAR = d PAR/10 and a PAR = (2,000 + d PAR − b PAR)/2,000	[100 — 5,000] μmol m−2 s−1
a VPD	Stomatal response to VPD $f_2(\text{VPD})=\left\{\begin{array}{c}1\text{if VPD}<a_{\mathrm{VPD}}\hfill \\ b_{\mathrm{VPD}}+c_{\mathrm{VPD}}\text{VPD if VPD}>a_{\mathrm{VPD}}\hfill \end{array}\right.$( )with f 2(VPD ≥ VPDmax) = 0, b VPD = 1‐c VPD*a VPD and c VPD = 1/(a VPD − VPDmax)	[200 — 2,000] Pa
VPDmax	Stomatal response to VPD $f_2(\text{VPD})=\left\{\begin{array}{c}1\text{if VPD}<a_{\mathrm{VPD}}\hfill \\ b+c\text{VPD}\text{if VPD}>a_{\mathrm{VPD}}\hfill \end{array}\right.$ with f 2(VPD ≥ VPDmax) = 0, b VPD = 1 − c VPD*a VPD and $c_{\mathrm{VPD}}=1/(a_{\mathrm{VPD}}-{\text{VPD}}_{\max })$	[3,000 — 5,000] Pa