Table 3.
Review of CTC Detection and Enrichment Techniques in Gastrointestinal Malignancies
| CTC Count | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Technique | Enrichment | Site | Number of Cases | Positive Rate | Mean(±SD) | Median | Range | Mean % CTC detection | Author & Year |
| Colorectal liver metastases | 75/151 | 43.00% | NR | NR | 0-49 | Lalmahomed ZS et al.,2015 | |||
| Colorectal Cancer | 12/25 | 48.00% | NR/7.5ml | NR | 0-162 | Welinder C et al.,2015 | |||
| Colorectal Cancer | 20/69 | 29.00% | NR | 0/7.5ml | 0–147 | 39.05 | Deneve E et al., 2013 | ||
| CellSearch® system | Integrated EpCAM based enrichment | Colorectal Cancer | 34/94 | 36.20% | 3.4/7.5 ml | NR | 0-61 | Sastre J et al., 2008 | |
| Pancreatic Cancer | 9/79 | 11.00% | 2.7±4.6/7.5 ml | 1 | 0-15 | Bidard FC et al., 2013 | |||
| Pancreatic Cancer | 21/53 | 39.60% | 6/7.5 ml | 0 | 0–15 | Khoja Let al., 2012 | |||
| Pancreatic Cancer | 11/26 | 42.30% | 16.9 ± 31.0/7.5 ml | NR | 0-105 | 30.96 | Kurihara T et al., 2008 | ||
| Biliary origin cancer | 4/16 | 25.00% | 2.25/7.5 ml | NR | NR | 25 | Al Ustwani O et al., 2012 | ||
| Density gradient centrifugation | Colorectal cancer | 36/63 | 57.00% | NR/10 ml | NR | NR | Rahbari NN et al., 2011 | ||
| Real Time PCR | Density gradient centrifugation | Colorectal Cancer | 25/42 | 59.50% | NR/5 ml | NR | NR | Xu D et al., 2006 | |
| Red blood cell lysis | Colorectal cancer | 24/36 | 66.70% | NR/5 ml | NR | NR | 57.65 | Teama SH et al., 2010 | |
| Density gradient centrifugation &Immunomagnetic bead based separation | Colorectal cancer | 74/156 | 47.40% | NR/5ml | NR | NR | Shen C et al., 2008 | ||
| Red blood cell lysis | Pancreatic cancer | 10/40 | 25.00% | NR/10 ml | NR | NR | Sergeant G et al., 2011 | ||
| Density gradient centrifugation &Immunomagnetic bead based separation | Pancreatic cancer | 21/25 | 84.00% | NR/10 ml | NR | NR | Zhou J et al., 2011 | ||
| Real Time PCR | Immunomagnetic enrichment | Pancreatic cancer | 16/34 | 47.10% | NR/ 10 ml | NR | NR | 52.03 | de Albuquerque A et al., 2011 |
| Red blood cell lysis&immunomagnetic bead based separation | Pancreatic cancer | 24/25 | 96.10% | NR | 3/7.5ml | 0-13 | Gao Y et al., 2016 | ||
| Red blood cell lysis&immunomagnetic bead based separation | Pancreatic cancer | 33/41 | 80.50% | 16.8±16.0/7.5 ml | NR | 0–59 | Ren C et al., 2011 | ||
| Immunomagnetic enrichment | Pancreatic cancer | 15/22 | 68.20% | NR | 3 | 0-60 | Zhang Y et al., 2015 | ||
| Immunocyto | |||||||||
| Chemistry/ | Filtration | Pancreatic cancer | 39/50 | 78.00% | NR | 30/ml | 1–251 | Poruk KE et al., 2016 | |
| Immuno fluorescence | (ISET) | ||||||||
| ScreenCell filtration | Pancreatic cancer | 51/105 | 49.00% | NR | NR | NR | 70.26 | Cauley CE et al., 2015 | |
| Microfluidic GEM chip | Pancreatic cancer | 17/18 | 94.00% | 2.8±1.8/ml | NR | 0-7 | Sheng W et al., 2014 | ||
| Nycoprep based centrifugation | Pancreatic cancer | 28/105 | 26.00% | NR/10-20 ml | NR | NR | Z graggen K et al., 2001 | ||
| Red blood cell lysis | Gastric Cancer | 31/57 | 54.40% | NR | NR | NR | Pituch-Noworolska A et al., 2007 | ||
| Flowcytometry | Immunomagnetic separation | Colorectal cancer | 38/49 | 77.00% | 2/7.5 ml | NR | NR | 74.63 | Cohen SJ et al., 2006 |
| Immunomagnetic separation | Gall Bladder Cancer | 25/27 | 92.50% | 5±5/4ml | 3 | 0-20 | Current study |