Table 2.

Clinical and biochemical characteristics of each group of subjects in type 2 diabetes aged 60 and over.

	IAA negative	IAA positive	p Value	ICA negative	ICA positive	p Value	GADA Negative	GADA Positive	p Value
Number of patients	397 (73.38%)	144 (26.62%)	/	511 (94.45%)	30 (5.55%)	/	509 (94.09%)	32 (5.91%)	/
Age (years)	69.65 ± 7.86	68.72 ± 7.09	0.30	69.42 ± 7.69	69.07 ± 7.45	0.88	69.50 ± 7.70	67.72 ± 7.02	0.18
Gender (male/female)	204/193 (51.40/48.60%)	76/68 (52.80/47.20%)	0.78	265/246 (51.90/48.10%)	15/15 (50.00/50.00%)	0.84	263/246 (51.70/48.30%)	17/15 (53.10/46.90%)	0.87
Duration of diabetes (years)	11.89 ± 8.05	14.38 ± 7.72	0.001	12.55 ± 8.04	12.57 ± 8.04	0.93	12.71 ± 8.02	10.10 ± 7.88	0.11
BMI (kg/m2)	24.38 ± 3.59	25.26 ± 3.42	0.005	24.63 ± 3.56	24.42 ± 3.73	0.91	24.71 ± 3.57	23.20 ± 3.20	0.01
FBG (mmol/l)	8.22 ± 3.75	8.03 ± 3.67	0.43	8.21 ± 3.77	7.46 ± 2.85	0.44	8.22 ± 3.70	7.32 ± 4.04	0.02
HbA1c (%)	8.45 ± 2.01	8.37 ± 1.71	0.96	8.46 ± 1.95	7.95 ± 1.63	0.20	8.44 ± 1.94	8.21 ± 1.76	0.57
Fasting C peptide (μg/l)	1.43 ± 1.07	1.29 ± 0.94	0.16	1.39 ± 1.05	1.41 ± 0.98	0.67	1.42 ± 1.05	0.96 ± 0.88	0.006
postprandial C peptide (μg/l)	3.95 ± 2.82	3.35 ± 2.75	0.02	3.76 ± 2.80	4.31 ± 3.02	0.26	3.83 ± 2.80	3.08 ± 3.02	0.08
hs-CRP ≥ 3.25 mg/l	72 (25.00%)	21 (21.00%)	0.42	83 (22.60%)	10 (50.00%)	0.005	89 (24.10%)	4 (21.10%)	0.98
Insulin treatment	208 (52.40%)	123 (85.40%)	<0.0001	313 (61.30%)	18 (60.00%)	0.89	309 (60.70%)	22 (68.80%)	0.37

Patients were classified with regard to the positivity of islet autoantibodies (IAA, ICA, GADA). Data are shown as mean ± SD and n (%), unless otherwise indicated.

p Values refer to the comparison of the two groups by independent samples t-test, the Mann–Whitney U-test or chi-square test.

A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistical significance.

BMI, body mass index; FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; hs-CRP, high-sensitive C-reactive protein.