TABLE 3.

Virucidal efficacy of steam vapor with TANCS against FCV on glass measured by plaque assay and qRT-PCR

Contact time (s)	Reductiona
	Plaque assay (log10 PFU)		qRT-PCR (log10 copies)
	With 5% serumb	Control without 5% serumc	With 5% serumb	Control without 5% serumc
10	>4.93 A	>4.11 A	2.31 ± 0.25 AA	0.70 ± 0.32 AB
30	>4.93 A	>4.11 A	1.92 ± 0.21 AA	0.20 ± 0.10 AB
60	>4.93 A	>4.11 A	1.94 ± 0.07 AA	0.30 ± 0.38 ABB
90	>4.93 A	>4.11 A	1.93 ± 0.32 AA	1.03 ± 0.36 BB

^aThe data are expressed as means ± SDs from 9 replicates in 3 independent experiments. Values with different nonsuperscript letters in the same column are significantly different (P < 0.05), whereas values with different superscript letters in the same row for each detection method are significantly different.

^bFCV stocks concentrated via ultrafiltration were diluted in complete Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 5% low-endotoxin (<10 EU/ml) fetal bovine serum. Recovered control was 5.99 log₁₀ ± 0.20 log₁₀ PFU.

^cFCV stocks concentrated via ultrafiltration were diluted in 1× phosphate-buffered saline. Recovered control was 5.17 log₁₀ ± 0.16 log₁₀ PFU.