| ARE | antioxidant response elements |
| ATF2 | activating transcription factor 2 |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| GSK3β | glycogen synthase kinase-3β |
| HIF1α | hypoxia inducible factor-1α |
| Maf | macrophage activating factor |
| MAPK | Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase |
| MSCs | Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells |
| NAC | N-acetylcysteine |
| Nrf2 | NF-E2-related factor-2 |
| PIP3 | phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate |
| PIP2 | phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate |
| PI3K | phosphoinositide-3 kinase |
| PKC | protein kinase c |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor |
| PPREs | PPAR response elements |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 |
| PUFAs | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SDF1 | stromal cell-derived factor 1 |
| SODs | superoxide dismutases |