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. 2018 May 31;8:8506. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-26950-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Chemical and genetic rescue of growth-nonpermissive BCG under G/P carbons. (A) Determination of intrabacterial pH of BCG cultured in the presence of 0.2% glycerol and various concentrations of propionate (0.05 to 0.8%) for 24 hrs. (B) Effect of cyanocobalamin (VB12) and/or monosodium glutamate (MSG) on CFU-based viability of BCG cultured under G/P carbons. *P < 0.01; **P < 0.001 by Student’s unpaired t-test. All values are the average of two independent experiments ± SD, each of which consisted of biological triplicates. (C) Metabolic consequences of VB12 and/or MSG supplement on BCG metabolomics profiles; intermediates of TCA cycle (red box), MCC (purple box), glycolysis (green box), and nitrogen metabolism (blue box) cultured under G/P carbons. Bar heights indicate the relative extent of intrabacterial concentration of intermediates. *P < 0.01; ns, not significant by Student’s unpaired t-test. All values are the average of two independent experiments ± s.e.m, each of which consisted of biological triplicates. αKG, α-ketoglutarate; Suc, succinate; Mal, malate; Asp, aspartate; OAA, oxaloacetate; 2MC, 2-methylcitrate; Pyr, pyruvate; Glu, glutamate; Gln, glutamine; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid.