Table 2.

Therapeutic options for non-cardiac chest pain (NCCP) from the gastroenterological point of view

GERD/Barrett's esophagus	PPI, alginate, OP
Esophageal motility disorders	nitrogylcerine, calcium channel blockers, bouginage, dilation, cardiomyotomy, OP, POEM
Hypersensitive esophagus	PPI, tricyclic antidepressant
Schatzki ring, webs	bouginage, dilation
Eosinophilic esophagitis	PPI, diet (‘6-food diet’), local corticoid therapy, bouginage, dilation
Mallory-Weiss syndrome / Boerhaave syndrome	PPI, endoscopic injection, clipping, OP
Drug-induced esophageal ulcer	information, training, drug modification
Infections (viral/Candida esophagitis)	antiviral drugs, antimycotic drugs
Gastroduodenal ulcer	PPI, Helicobacter pylori eradication
Pancreatitis, bile colic, cholangitis	intravenous fluids, spasmolytics, antibiotics, OP

OP = Surgery; POEM = peroral endoscopic myotomy;GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease; PPI = proton pump inhibitor.