Table 3.
Association Between Paternal Psychosocial Stress and Offspring Asthma at Age 7 Years as Defined by the Norwegian Prescription Database, Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study, 2000–2007
| Measure of Paternal Psychosocial Stress | Range of Scale Scores | No. of Children | No. of Cases | Median (IQR) | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | |||||
| SCL-5 scoreb | 1–4 | 47,133 | 1,925 | 1.0 (1.0–1.2) | 1.10 | 0.95, 1.27 | 1.05 | 0.90, 1.23 |
| Satisfaction With Life Scalec | 1–7 | 47,191 | 1,924 | 5.8 (5.2–6.2) | 0.96 | 0.92, 1.01 | 0.97 | 0.93, 1.02 |
| Relationship satisfactionc | 1–6 | 47,033 | 1,917 | 5.4 (5.0–5.8) | 1.03 | 0.95, 1.11 | 1.03 | 0.95, 1.12 |
| Lifetime symptoms of depressionb | 0–5 | 47,088 | 1,925 | 0.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.05 | 1.02, 1.09 | 1.03 | 1.00, 1.07 |
| Lifetime history of major depressive symptoms | ||||||||
| No | 42,568 | 1,746 | N/A | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 4,520 | 179 | N/A | 0.97 | 0.83, 1.12 | 0.95 | 0.81, 1.11 | |
| Use of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and/or hypnotics during pregnancy | ||||||||
| No | 46,894 | 1,911 | N/A | 1.00 | Referent | 1.00 | Referent | |
| Yes | 725 | 28 | N/A | 0.95 | 0.66, 1.37 | 0.81 | 0.55, 1.20 | |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; N/A, not applicable; RR, relative risk; SCL-5, 5-item symptom checklist.
a Adjusted for paternal age, education, body mass index, smoking, and history of asthma.
b Higher scores indicate more stress.
c Higher scores indicate less stress.