Table 1.
Vibriocidal Immune Response to Ogawa Serotype Following Killed Oral Cholera Vaccination
| Study | Number of Participants (Age Group) |
Study Site | Baseline Geometric Mean Titers |
Interval Between Doses, days | No. (%) Who Seroconverted After: | Geometric Mean Fold Rise After: | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Dosea | 2nd Dosea | 1st Dosea | 2nd Dosea | |||||
| Monovalent OCV that contains the recombinant B subunit | ||||||||
| Ahmed 2009 | 49 (10–18 months) | Dhaka, Bangladesh | NA | 14 | NA | (56) | 4 | 5 |
| 47 (6–9 months) | 14 | NA | (57) | 2 | 5 | |||
| Alam 2011 | 30 adult 1-dose recipients | Dhaka, Bangladesh | 27 | NA | (50)b | NAc | 5-fold by day 3b | 5-fold by day 17d |
| 30 adult 2-dose recipients | 26 | 14 | (43)b | (36)d | 5-fold by day 3b | 5-fold by day 17d | ||
| Leung 2012 | 20 children aged 2–5 years | Dhaka, Bangladesh | 37 | 14 | 0 | (65) | 2-fold by day 3b | 23-fold by day 7e |
| 20 children aged 6–17 years | 32 | 14 | (35) | (90) | 3-fold by day 3b | 42-fold by day 7e | ||
| Bivalent OCV | ||||||||
| Saha 2011 | 53 (18–45 years) | Dhaka, Bangladesh | 61 | 14 | (70)e | (59)e | 7e | NA |
| 55 (2–4 years) | 39 | (75)e | (75)e | 9e | NA | |||
| 54 (12–24 months) | 9 | (78)e | (74)e | 6e | NA | |||
| Charles 2014 | 23 adults | Haiti | 14 | 14 | (77) e | (91)e | 19e | 19 e |
| 45 (6 to 17 years) | 21 | (69) e | (74)e | 11e | 10 e | |||
| 42 (1–4 years) | 14 | (64) e | (73)e | 9e | 10 e | |||
| Kanungo 2015 | 96 (15+ years) | Kolkata, India | 329 | 14 | 57 (59) | 51 (53) | 6 | 5 |
| 90 (6–14 years) | 102 | 14 | 79 (88) | 65 (66) | 22 | 13 | ||
| 91 (15+ years)f | 475 | 14 | 50 (55) | 37 (41) | 4 | 3 | ||
| 93 (6–14 years)f | 236 | 14 | 65 (70) | 67 (72) | 16 | 9 | ||
| Kanungo 2015 | 86 adults (≥18 years) | Kolkata, India | 364 | 14 | 48 (56) | 39 (45) | 6 | 4 |
| 359 | 28 | 52 (62) | 41 (49) | 6 | 4 | |||
| 83 children (1–17 years) | 125 | 14 | 63 (75) | 61 (73) | 19 | 11 | ||
| 131 | 28 | 65 (79) | 59 (72) | 16 | 8 | |||
| Aloysia 2015 | 112 (15+ years) | Philippines | 69 | 14 | (78) | (69) | 14 | 11 |
| 112 (5–14 years) | 18 | (86) | (88) | 48 | 43 | |||
| 112 (1–4 years) | 3 | (72) | (96) | 61 | 82 | |||
| Desai 2015 | 37 (18+ years) | Ethiopia | 24 | 14 | 24 (65) | 26 (70) | 13 | 13 |
| 45 (1–17 years) | 4 | 36 (80) | 38 (84) | 35 | 35 | |||
| Ivers 2015 | 25 (HIV+ adults) 25 (HIV– adults) |
Haiti | 11 14 |
14 | (52)e (77)e |
(65)e (91)e |
6e 10e |
7 e 13 e |
| Baik 2014 | 25 adults | Korea | 4 | 14 | 19 (95) | 19 (95) | 115 | 108 |
| Baik 2015 | Shanchol 376 adults 235 (1–17 years) |
Philippines | 74 | 14 | 295 (79) | 278 (74) | 17 | 13 |
| 13 | 197 (84) | 207 (88) | 49 | 57 | ||||
| Euvichol 377 adults 231 (1–17 years) |
77 | 322 (85) | 302 (80) | 22 | 16 | |||
| 13 | 200 (87) | 209 (90) | 61 | 66 | ||||
| Saha 2016 | 143 adultsg | Bangladesh | 71 | 14 | 106 (74)e | 103 (72)e | NA | 7e |
| Iyer 2016 | 37 (1–5 years)h | South Sudan | 15 | ~21 | 9 (82) | 11 (79) | 11 | 14 |
| 67 (6–17 years) h | 28 | 8 (53) | 18 (55) | 4 | 4 | |||
| 101 (18–59 years)h | 36 | 20 (43) | 28 (52) | 7 | 5 | |||
| Matias 2016 | 22 adults | Haiti | 35 | 14 | 14 (64) | 16 (76) | 7 | 5 |
See References Listed in Supplementary Data.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NA, not available; OCV, oral cholera vaccine.
Blood for vibriocidal tests was obtained at 14 days after said dose, unless otherwise specified.
Blood for vibriocidal tests was obtained at 3 days after said dose.
Result of vibriocidal tests on 30th day after the single dose: 44%.
Blood for vibriocidal tests was obtained on 16th day after the said dose or 30 days after the first dose.
Blood for vibriocidal tests was obtained on 7th day after said dose, ie, 7 or 21 days after the first dose.
These individuals had received vaccine 5 years earlier.
Results included are only for those who received vaccine at the current storage recommendation of 2°C –8°C.
Not all individuals were sampled at both time points to denominators for seroconversion changes.