Table 1.
Differences in Risk of All-cause Mortality Within 180 Days of Initiation of Conventional Versus Atypical APM Treatment
| POPULATION AND VARIATION | EVENTS IN CONVENTIONAL APM GROUP | EVENTS IN ATYPICAL APM GROUP | UNADJUSTED OLS ESTIMATE | AGE/SEX-ADJUSTED OLS ESTIMATE | FULLY ADJUSTED OLS ESTIMATEa | IV ANALYSIS ESTIMATE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BRITISH COLUMBIA | ||||||
| Base case (unrestricted) | 1,806 | 2,307 | 4.46 (3.69, 5.23) | 4.49 (3.75, 5.22) | 3.55 (2.74, 4.37) | 4.00 (0.94, 7.06) |
| Restricted to PCPs (R6) | 1,735 | 2,115 | 4.24 (3.41, 5.06) | 4.48 (3.68, 5.28) | 3.59 (2.70, 4.48) | 3.11 (-0.57, 6.79) |
| PENNSYLVANIA | ||||||
| Base case (unrestricted) | 1,307 | 1,628 | 2.69 (1.65, 3.73) | 2.47 (1.46, 3.49) | 3.91 (2.68, 5.13) | 7.69 (1.26, 14.12) |
| Restricted to PCPs (R6) | 960 | 1,129 | 2.39 (1.07, 3.71) | 2.29 (0.98, 3.60) | 4.32 (2.71, 5.93) | 5.34 (-3.53, 14.21) |
Adjusted for age, sex, race, year of treatment, and history of diabetes, arrhythmia, cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, hypertension, other ischemic heart disease, other cardiovascular disorders, dementia, delirium, mood disorders, psychotic disorders, other psychiatric disorders, antidepressant use, nursing home residence, and hospitalization. See text for description of the base case and restriction to PCPs. NOTE. The values within brackets are 95 percent confidence intervals. Risk differences are expressed per 100 patients. Abbreviations: APM, antipsychotic medication; OLS, ordinary least squares; IV, instrumental variable; PCP, primary care physician. Source: Rassen and colleagues.20