Table 2: Resveratrol and the Management of Diabetes – Clinical Studies.

Ref	Cohort (n)	Form of RSV and Duration	Dose and Schedule	Conclusions
31	Type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension (35)	RSV-enriched grape extract capsule; 1 year	8 mg/day to 16 mg/day; 1 per day for first 6 months; 2 per day for last 6 months	Long-term supplementation with a grape extract containing resveratrol downregulates the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines with the involvement of inflammation-related miRs in circulating immune cells of hypertensive-medicated patients with type 2 diabetes and supports beneficial immunomodulatory effect
32	Type 2 diabetes patients (66)	Capsule; 45 days	1 g/day; 500 mg/day twice daily	↓ Systolic blood pressure, ↓ fasting blood glucose, ↓ HbA1c, ↓ insulin and ↓ insulin resistance ↑ HDL level
33,34	Type 2 diabetes patients (62)	Capsule; 3 months	250 mg/day; single	↓ HbA1c, ↓ systolic blood pressure, ↓ body weight lipid profile and total protein in type 2 diabetes
35	Type 2 diabetes patients (19)	Capsule; 4 weeks	10 mg/day; 5 mg/day twice daily	↓ Insulin resistance, ↓ urinary ortho-tyrosine excretion; ↑ pAkt:Akt ration in platelets

Akt = protein kinase B; HbA1c = glycated haemoglobin; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; miRs = microRNAs; pAkt = phosphorylated protein kinase B; RSV = resveratrol.