Table 1: Summary of Current Dietary Guidelines Regarding the Consumption of Sugars and Fructose and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases.

Guideline	Sugars	Fructose
General Dietary Advice
WHO/FAO 20036	≤10 % energy free sugars	–
USDA 20109	≤25 % energy added sugars	–
IOM 200213	≤25 % energy added sugars	–
Diabetes Recommendations
ADA 201317	Avoid excess energy from sucrose	≤12 % energy naturally occurring fructose
CDA 201318	≤10 % energy added sucrose	≤10 % energy added fructose
EASD 200416	≤10 % energy total free sugars	≤30 g/day fructose
Cardiovascular Recommendations
AHA 20067	Minimise added sugars from beverages and foods	–
AHA 200914	≤100–150 calories/day (~5 % energy) added sugars	–
Hypertension Recommendations
JNC712	–	–
CHEP11	≤5 servings per week sweets and added sugars	Have 4–5 servings of fruit per day
Dyslipidaemia Recommendations
CCS 20098	A diet low in simple sugars	–
CCS 201210	–	–
NCEP-ATP III5	Reduce sugar-containing beverages	–
AHA 201115 (fasting triglycerides)
Borderline (150–199 mg/dl)	<10 % energy added sugar	<100 g/day fructose
High (200–499 mg/dl)	5–10 % energy added sugar	50–100 g/day fructose
Very high (≥500 mg/dl)	<5 % energy added sugar	<50 g/day fructose