Table 1.

Evaluation and Diagnosis of Medial Patellar Subluxation

Patient history	Pain is localized to the inferomedial patella and anteromedial joint line. Pain with knee flexion activities such as squatting. Often the patient is aware that the direction of instability is medial.
Physical exam	Active and passive range of motion is painful during the first 30° of knee flexion. Patella translation is assessed at knee extension and 30° of flexion. Medial apprehension test. Lateral patellar float sign—the patella translates laterally and rotates or tilts upward with medial pressure on the patella. Manual centering test.