Table 1. Characteristics of the study population.
| General characteristics | All Stays n = 317 |
ICU Survivors n = 204 |
ICU Non-survivors n = 113 |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), Median (IQR) | 92 (91–94) | 92 (91–94) | 92 (91–94) | 0.98† |
| Female, n (%) | 226 (71.3) | 151 (74.0) | 75 (66.4) | 0.15* |
| SAPS II, (Me±SD) | 55.6±21.3 | 46.7±14.2 | 71.7±22.6 | <0.01†† |
| Glasgow score, Md (IQR) | 14 (9–15) | 14 (13–15) | 12 (5–14) | <0.01†† |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Cardiovascular diseases | 297 (93.7) | 195 (95.6) | 102 (90.3) | 0.06* |
| Chronic renal insufficiency | 67 (21.1) | 45 (22.1) | 22 (17.2) | 0.59* |
| Diabetes | 50 (15.8) | 34 (16.7) | 16 (14.2) | 0.56* |
| Neurodegenerative disease | 54 (17) | 32 (15.7) | 22 (19.5) | 0.69** |
| Cancer | 57 (18) | 35 (17.2) | 22 (19.5) | 0.61* |
| Respiratory diseases | 75 (23.7) | 47 (23.0) | 28 (24.8) | 0.73* |
| Autonomy Scores, (Me±SD) | ||||
| Charlson index | 7.7±1.7 | 7.8±1.7 | 7.6±1.7 | 0.54† |
| Knaus score | 2.18±0.65 | 2.14±0.63 | 2.25±0.69 | 0.17† |
| MacCabe score | 1.3±0.5 | 1.3±0.5 | 1.3±0.5 | 0.89† |
| Admission source, n (%) | ||||
| Emergency Department | 126 (39.8) | 90 (44.1) | 36 (31.9) | 0.03* |
| Home | 74 (23.3) | 41 (20.1) | 33(29.2) | 0.04* |
| Nursing home | 29 (9.1) | 17 (8.3) | 13 (11.5) | 0.35* |
| Geriatrics | 17 (5.4) | 12 (5.9) | 5 (4.4) | 0.58* |
| Medical wards | 43 (13.6) | 33 (16.2) | 10 (8.9) | 0.07* |
| Surgical wards | 20 (6.3) | 8 (3.9) | 12 (10.6) | 0.02* |
| Post-operative | 8 (2.5) | 4 (2.0) | 4 (3.5) | 0.46** |
| Diagnosis at admissiona, n (%) | ||||
| Cardiac arrest | 28 (8.8) | 8 (3.9) | 20 (17.7) | <0.01* |
| Respiratory failure | 166 (52.4) | 118 (57.8) | 48 (42.5) | <0.01* |
| Coma | 30 (9.5) | 15 (7.4) | 15 (13.3) | 0.08* |
| Sepsis | 36 (11.4) | 20 (9.8) | 16 (14.2) | 0.24* |
| Cardiovascular failure | 33 (10.4) | 20 (9.8) | 13 (11.5) | 0.63* |
| Trauma | 4 (1.3) | 3 (1.5) | 1 (0.9) | 1.00** |
| Metabolic | 9 (2.8) | 5 (2.5) | 4 (3.5) | 0.73** |
| Acute renal failure | 27 (8.5) | 18 (8.8) | 9 (8.0) | 0.79* |
| Intoxication | 9 (2.8) | 8 (3.9) | 1 (0.9) | 0.17** |
| Neurologic | 11 (3.5) | 7 (3.4) | 4 (3.5) | 1.00** |
| Gastrointestinal | 13 (4.1) | 7 (3.4) | 6 (5.3) | 0.56** |
| Miscellaneous | 4 (1.3) | 4 (2.0) | 0 | 0.30** |
| ICU LOS, days (Me±SD) | 7.0±8.0 | 6.2±5.6 | 8.5±11.0 | 0.43†† |
a more than one diagnosis is possible.
ICU: intensive care unit, Me: mean, Md: median, IQR: interquartile range (25–75), SD: standard derivation, SAPS II: simplified acute physiology score, LOS: Length of stay.
* Pearson's Chi-squared test.
** Fisher's Exact Test.
† t-test.
†† Wilcoxon rank sum test.