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. 2018 May 20;19(5):1525. doi: 10.3390/ijms19051525

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Suppression of ERK1/2 activity decreases HPAEC tubule and mesh formation. HPAECs were pre-treated with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or 30 µM PD98059 (PD 30) for 30 min before being loaded on growth factor-reduced Matrigel (BD Bioscience) in 96-well plates. Following an incubation period of 18 h, tubule formation was quantified. (A,B) Representative photographs showing tubule formation in growth factor-reduced Matrigel. (C,D) Quantitative analysis of tubule (C) and mesh (D) formation. The values are presented as mean ± SD (n = 9/group). Significant differences between DMSO- and PD-treated cells are indicated by * p < 0.001 (t-test). Scale bar = 100 µM.