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. 2018 May 22;19(5):1536. doi: 10.3390/ijms19051536

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects of kudzu leaf and root extracts on cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 in mouse peritoneal macrophages. (A): Mouse peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with LPS (L) in the presence of kudzu leaf or root extract for 24 h. The level of COX-2 protein was analyzed by Western blotting using GAPDH as an internal control. One of three independent experiments is shown. (B–E): Mouse peritoneal macrophages were stimulated with LPS (L) for 24 h, and levels of TNF-α and IL-6 at 6 h (B,D) and 24 h (C,E) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (n = 3). ### p < 0.005 vs. control (−L); * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005 vs. control (+L).