Figure 3.

Effects of methanolic extracts of four Cirsium species (0.5, 5, 50 mg/kg), silymarin (100 mg/kg) and silibinin (25 mg/kg) on hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities of CCl₄-induced acute liver damage in C57BL/6 mice. (A) glutathione peroxidase (GPx); (B) glutathione reductase (GR); (C) superoxide dismutase (SOD); (D) catalase. CAH: The aerial part of C. arisanense Kitam. CKH: The aerial part of C. kawakamii Hayata. CJF: The flower part of C. japonicum DC. var. australe Kitam. CH: Cirsii Herba. CAH-L, CAH-H, CKH-, CKH-H, CJF-L, CJF-H, CH-L, and CH-H were continuously administered for 7 days. One hour after last treatment, acute liver damage was induced by injection with 0.2% CCl₄. Columns indicate mean ± SEM (n = 10). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with CCl₄-indcued acute liver damage mice.