Table 1.

Overview of re-randomization trials

Settings requirements for re-randomization trials	1)Some patients may require treatment on multiple occasions 2)The intervention(s) would be used for each new treatment episode 3)The intervention duration and length of the follow-up period for each treatment episode are less than the overall length of the trial recruitment period
Design requirements for re-randomization trials	1)Patients are only reenrolled and rerandomized when they have completed the follow-up period from their previous randomization 2)Randomizations for the same patient are performed independently
Implementation of re-randomization trials	1)Patients are enrolled as usual, randomized to a treatment group, and followed up until all outcomes have been collected 2)If patients experience new treatment episodes and require further treatment, they can be reenrolled and rerandomized, provided they have completed the follow-up period from their previous randomization 3)This process is repeated until the target sample size is met

Reproduced from Kahan BC. Using re-randomization to increase the recruitment rate in clinical trials–an assessment of three clinical areas. Trials. 2016;17:595. doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1736-z with permission.