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. 2018 May 31;11:329. doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2904-7

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 2 — Phylogenetic tree of R. appendiculatus cox1 haplotypes. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the neighbor-joining method based on the Tamura 3-parameter model. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites. Bootstrap values (> 80) are displayed above nodes. CH1-22 are haplotype names. The values in parentheses correspond to the frequency of each haplotype. KU725893 and AF132833 are GenBank accession numbers for R. appendiculatus sequences used as reference haplotypes from Kenya and Zimbabwe, respectively. Two species (R. eversti and R. microplus) obtained in this study and R. turanicus from GenBank (accession number: KU880574) were included as outgroups