MDA-9 regulates GSC survival and autophagy through BCL2 in nonadherent conditions. (A) Viability of shcon and shmda-9 GSCs. (Magnification: 100×.) (B) Effect of MDA-9 suppression on BCL2, pBCL2, and LC3B as shown by Western blotting. 1, shcon; 2, shmda-9. (C) shcon, shmda-9 GSCs, and shmda-9 GSCs treated with CQ, or overexpressing BCL2, by live/dead assay, where green cells represent viable cells, and red cells represent dead cells. (Magnification: 100×.) (D) shmda-9–resistant mda-9 plasmid abrogates mda-9 silencing-induced molecular changes. 1, shcon GSCs; 2, shmda-9 GSCs; 3, shmda-9 GSCs treated with shmda-9–resistant mda-9 plasmid.