MDA-9 mediates cell survival in anoikis-resistant GSCs through PKC and BCL2. (A) Effect of MDA-9 on PKC activation in shcon and shmda-9 GSCs. 1, shcon; 2, shmda-9. (B) Effect of PKC suppression and expression of constitutively active PKC on GSC survival. (Magnification: 100×.) (C) Effect of PKC suppression and expression of constitutively active PKC on pBCL2 expression by flow cytometry and Western blotting. 1, shcon; 2, shmda-9; 3, shmda-9+CA-PKCα; 4, shPKCα. Error bars indicate ±SD, *P < 0.05.