Table 2.
Available evidence on Option B+, by year
| Year | Description of study | Description of study | Data on Option B+ effectiveness and costs |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | Country-level report [87] | Quarterly summaries of PMTCT programme data in Malawi | Change in coverage of PMTCT and ART services for pregnant women in Malawi following introduction of Option B+ |
| 2012 | Country-level reports [87] | Quarterly summaries of PMTCT programme data in Malawi | Further data on change in coverage of PMTCT and ART services for pregnant women in Malawi following introduction of Option B+ |
| International organisations document [54] | Cost effectiveness analysis (Business case) | Estimates of effectiveness and costs of Option B+ based on assumptions, not data | |
| Journal article [88] | Cost effectiveness modelling of individual countries | Estimates of effectiveness and costs of Option B+ based on assumptions, not data | |
| 2013 | Evaluation report [76] | Evaluation of PMTCT programmes in Lesotho, Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia (10 facilities per country) | Comparison of ART coverage in HIV-infected pregnant women and PMTCT cascade assessment, comparing Option B+ programme in Malawi with other countries |
| Journal article [36] | Before and after study | Number of pregnant women starting ART in Malawi and proportion receiving ART at 12 months, before and after Option B+ | |
| Journal articles [89, 90] | Cost effectiveness modelling for individual countries | Estimates of effectiveness and costs of Option B+ based on assumptions, not data | |
| 2014 | Journal articles [91, 92] | Retention of pregnant women in ART long-term | Proportion of pregnant women who initiate ART in Option B+ services retained in care |
| Evaluation report [40] | Programme evaluation | Trends over time in PMTCT programme effectiveness in Malawi and barriers to Option B+ | |
| Journal articles [93, 94] | Cost-effectiveness modelling of individual countries[9] and across regions | Estimates of effectiveness and costs of Option B+ based on assumptions, not data | |
| 2015 | Journal articles [95, 96] | Effectiveness of Option B+ programmes for women and children | Proportion of pregnant women who initiate ART in Option B+ services retained in care and MTCT rates |
| Journal article [76] | Costs of switching from Option B to Option B+ | Estimates of effectiveness and costs of Option B+ based on assumptions, not data | |
| Journal article [97] | Randomised controlled trial | Demonstrated benefits of starting ART in all HIV-infected adults, regardless of CD4 count |