Figure 4.
Effect of permanent elongation of fibers on the mechanics of fiber networks. Snapshots of the diluted lattice fiber network model are given in the (a) initial, (b) deformed, and (c) unloaded states. (d) A plastic material model is used for the permanent elongation of individual fibers. Stress-strain curve of an individual fiber with an elastic response is given at small strains followed by plastic yielding and elastic unloading. (e) Network stress-strain curves in loading-unloading tests are given at various amplitudes of network strain. The inset shows partitioning of the total expended energy into the dissipated and the recovered energies. (f) Stress-strain curves for networks are given at different values of fiber post-yield modulus, E2 (defined in (d)). To see this figure in color, go online.