Table 2.

Observed prevalence and adjusted odds of maternal hypertension among 32 ethnic-immigrant groups: United States, 2014-2015 (N = 7,966,573).

Ethnic-immigrant group	Number of births	Prevalence percent	Prevalence ratio1	Model 12			Model 23			Covariance-adjusted
				OR	95% CI		OR	95% CI		prevalence	SE
Non-Hispanic White, US-born	4,031,903	7.39	3.97∗	4.73	4.52	4.95	2.77	2.65	2.90	7.41	0.01
Non-Hispanic White, immigrant	282,556	4.08	2.19∗	2.32	2.21	2.43	1.73	1.65	1.82	4.85	0.04
Non-Hispanic Black, US-born	1,004,997	10.30	5.54∗	7.27	6.94	7.61	3.47	3.31	3.64	9.01	0.03
Non-Hispanic Black, immigrant	177,299	7.08	3.81∗	4.13	3.93	4.34	2.63	2.50	2.76	7.07	0.06
American Indian/Alaska Native	75,204	8.93	4.80∗	6.19	5.87	6.52	2.86	2.71	3.01	7.61	0.09
Chinese, US-born	14,497	4.25	2.28∗	2.31	2.10	2.53	2.12	1.93	2.33	5.83	0.22
Chinese, immigrant	101,753	1.86	1.00	1.00	Reference		1.00	Reference		2.93	0.06
Japanese, US-born	3,893	6.45	3.47∗	3.43	3.00	3.93	3.02	2.63	3.46	7.98	0.46
Japanese, immigrant	10,270	2.32	1.25∗	1.12	0.98	1.28	1.28	1.11	1.46	3.68	0.23
Hawaiian	1,725	6.96	3.74∗	4.49	3.71	5.43	2.23	1.84	2.71	6.11	0.53
Filipino, US-born	17,216	7.99	4.30∗	4.83	4.49	5.18	3.43	3.19	3.69	8.91	0.22
Filipino, immigrant	45,845	7.63	4.10∗	4.33	4.09	4.58	3.53	3.33	3.73	9.13	0.14
Asian Indian, US-born	13,323	4.52	2.43∗	2.57	2.34	2.82	1.96	1.79	2.16	5.45	0.21
Asian Indian, immigrant	118,026	3.91	2.10∗	2.31	2.18	2.43	1.75	1.65	1.84	4.90	0.07
Korean, US-born	6,296	3.81	2.05∗	2.11	1.84	2.42	1.89	1.65	2.17	5.26	0.32
Korean, immigrant	23,313	3.55	1.91∗	1.87	1.72	2.03	1.78	1.64	1.94	5.00	0.16
Vietnamese, US-born	7,713	4.55	2.45∗	2.79	2.48	3.13	2.22	1.97	2.49	6.07	0.30
Vietnamese, immigrant	33,453	2.56	1.38∗	1.37	1.26	1.48	1.32	1.22	1.43	3.79	0.12
Samoan	4,316	8.60	4.62∗	5.81	5.17	6.52	2.14	1.90	2.41	5.89	0.30
Other Asian/Pacific Islander, US-born	51,424	5.11	2.75∗	3.23	3.05	3.43	2.09	1.97	2.22	5.77	0.11
Other Asian/Pacific Islander, immigrant	87,782	4.05	2.17∗	2.37	2.24	2.50	1.78	1.68	1.88	4.98	0.08
Mexican, US-born	554,774	5.79	3.12∗	3.95	3.76	4.13	2.06	1.96	2.16	5.69	0.03
Mexican, immigrant	536,471	4.51	2.43∗	2.72	2.60	2.85	1.70	1.62	1.79	4.79	0.03
Puerto Rican, mainland US-born	121,554	6.26	3.36∗	4.16	3.96	4.38	2.34	2.22	2.46	6.37	0.07
Puerto Rican, Puerto Rico-born	18,530	7.04	3.79∗	4.58	4.26	4.92	2.55	2.37	2.74	6.88	0.18
Cuban, US-born	19,864	6.16	3.31∗	3.91	3.63	4.20	2.29	2.13	2.47	6.26	0.17
Cuban, immigrant	21,389	5.59	3.00∗	3.43	3.19	3.70	2.34	2.17	2.52	6.37	0.17
Central & South American, US-born	47,914	5.30	2.85∗	3.47	3.27	3.69	2.08	1.95	2.21	5.73	0.11
Central & South American, immigrant	230,721	4.39	2.36∗	2.60	2.47	2.73	1.84	1.75	1.94	5.14	0.05
Other Hispanic, US-born	202,960	6.04	3.25∗	4.10	3.91	4.31	2.21	2.10	2.32	6.06	0.05
Other Hispanic, immigrant	81,468	5.90	3.17∗	3.61	3.42	3.81	2.41	2.28	2.54	6.54	0.09
All other ethnic-nativity groups	18,124	6.91	3.71∗	4.38	4.07	4.71	2.87	2.66	3.09	7.64	0.20

OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. ^∗Statistically significant at p < 0.05. ¹Defined as the ratio of the prevalence for a specific group to that for the reference group. ²Adjusted for maternal age only. ³Adjusted for maternal age, marital status, plurality, maternal education, place and region of residence, gestational diabetes, prepregnancy BMI, and gestational weight gain. Source. Data derived from the 2014-2015 US National Natality data files.