Table 1. Axonal Transcriptome Profiles.
| Reference | Axon type (species) | Approach | Estimated axonal mRNA number * | Enriched GO terms for Axonal mRNAs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Willis and others 2007 | Injury-conditioned adult dorsal root ganglion (DRG; rat) | Microarray | > 200 | Transmembrane proteins, Translation. |
| Taylor and others 2009 | Embryonic cortical neurons (rat) | Microarray |
Naïve ~ 300 Regenerating ~ 900 |
Naïve – Translation, Mitochondrion, Intracellular Transport, Cytoskeleton. Regenerating – Cell-cell Signaling, Cell Differentiation, Secretion. |
| Zivraj and others 2010 | Embryonic retinal ganglion cell (RGC; Xenopus and mouse) | Microarray |
Xenopus ~ 450 Mouse ~ 1800 |
Xenopus – Translation, Cytoskeletal and Motor, Metabolic and Glycolytic Proteins. Mouse – Translation, Mitochondrion, Axon Guidance. |
| Andreassi and others 2010 | Embryonic superior cervical ganglion (rat) | SAGE | ~350 | Mitochondrial, Ribosomal, RNA Metabolism and Protein Synthesis, Signal Transduction. |
| Gumy and others 2011 | Embryonic adult DRGs (rat) | Microarray |
Embryonic ~ 2600 Adult ~ 2900 (~ 1400 common) |
Embryonic – Protein Synthesis, Mitochondrial, Neurological Disease, Cytoskeletal-related, Transport of Vesicles/trafficking-Related, Axonal elongation and Morphogenesis Adult – Protein Synthesis, Mitochondrial, Neurological Disease, Inflammatory and Immune Response |
| Minis and others 2013 | Embryonic DRG explants (mouse) | RNA-Seq | ~ 6100 | Translation, Mitochondria, Cytoskeleton and Intra-cellular Trafficking (depleted in Transmembrane Protein Encoding) |
| Saal and others 2014 | Embryonic spinal motor neurons (mouse) ± smn siRNA knockdown | Microarray | 1354 axonal probe sets changed with smn depletion (1189 increased and 165 decreased) |
Wild type – Translation, RNA binding, Mitochondrion. SMN-depleted, decreased mRNAs – Synaptic Localization and Function, RNA processing, Axon growth. SMN-depleted, increased mRNAs – Translation, MHC-I components. |
| Baleriola and others 2014 | Embryonic hippocampal neurons (mouse) ± Aβ1-42 treatment. | RNA-Seq | ~ 775 mRNAs changed with Aβ1-42 treatment | Altered levels with Aβ1-42 – Cell death, Transcription, Intracellular Signaling cascade. |
| Briese and others 2015 | Embryonic spinal motor neurons (mouse) | RNA-Seq | ~ 11000 (468 ‘axonally enriched’) axonal | Cell cycle, Nucleosome Organization, Translation. |
| Taliaferro and others 2016 | Embryonic cortical neurons (mouse) and N2A and CAD cell lines | RNA-seq | 778 | Mitochondrion, Ribosome, Translation, RNA processing. |
| Bigler and others 2017 | ESC-derived glutamatergic neurons (human) | Microarray | ~ 4000 axonal mRNAs | Mitochondrion, Neurofilament, Axon Elongation, Translation, Neurotransmission. |
| Rotem and others 2017 | Embryonic spinal motor neurons (mouse) with expression of SOD1G93A, TDP-43A315T vs. control. | RNA-seq |
TDP-43A315T – 176 increased 271 decreased SOD1G93A – 95 increased 80 decreased |
Altered with TDP43A315T and SOD1G93A expression – Calcium binding, extracellular matrix binding, motor proteins, intracellular transport, monosaccharide binding |
*
Estimated axonal mRNA numbers based on methods used by authors for calling presence.