Table 3.
Panel linear regression analyses showing the effect of Mycobacterium avium stimulation on secretion of each cytokine.
| Cytokine | Unadjusted |
Adjusted |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean cytokine secretion (SD) [pg/ml] | Mean difference (95%CI) | p value* | Mean difference (95%CI) | p value* | Intra-cluster correlation coefficient (Rho) | |
| IL-17A | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 19.3 (30.2) | Ref | 0.14 | Ref | 0.07 | – |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 20.5 (24.5) | 1.72 (−8.56, 12.0) | 11.8 (−0.97, 24.7)1 | |||
| IL-10 | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 0.60 (1.01) | Ref | 0.64 | Ref | 0.52 | 0.33 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 0.57 (1.24) | 0.09 (−0.27, 0.44) | 0.08 (−0.17, 0.35)2 | |||
| IL-6 | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 202.0 (365.5) | Ref | 0.36 | Ref | 0.04§ | 0.42 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 271.7 (440.1) | 74.6 (−84.0, 233.5) | 155.8 (7.64, 304.0)3 | |||
| IL-4 | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 1.31 (2.43) | Ref | 0.46 | Ref | 0.60 | 0.02 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 0.93 (1.70) | −0.26 (−0.93, 0.42) | −0.06 (−0.16, 0.28)4 | |||
| IL-2 | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 3.46 (7.98) | Ref | 0.82 | Ref | 0.36 | 0.75 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 6.46 (23.6) | 0.28 (−2.16, 2.71) | 3.84 (−4.47, 12.1)5 | |||
| IFNG | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 3.52 (8.33) | Ref | 0.74 | Ref | 0.45 | 0.64 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 3.68 (9.02) | −0.41 (−2.80, 1.99) | 1.41 (−2.23, 5006)6 | |||
| TNF | ||||||
| Not stimulated | 4.03 (10.9) | Ref | 0.40 | Ref | 0.97 | 0.74 |
| Stimulated with M. avium | 2.53 (5.61) | −1.32 (−4.43, 1.79) | −0.01 (−0.39, 0.41)7 | |||
Notes: *p value was calculated using panel random effects linear regression with maximum likelihood estimation. §: Boldface figure signifies statistical significance. ICC: Intracluster Correlation Coefficient; each row represents a separate multiple linear regression model. 1: adjusted for BCG vaccination, age and history of TB; 2: adjusted for sex, age, history of TB, HIV and previous BCG vaccination; 3: adjusted for sex, age, history of TB and previous BCG vaccination; 4: adjusted for sex, age, history of TB, HIV and previous BCG vaccination; 5: adjusted for sex, age, history of TB, previous BCG vaccination; 6: adjusted for sex, age and BCG vaccination; 7: adjusted for sex and BCG vaccination.