Table 1.
Tumor development promoted by TNFR2-mediated signaling in tumor or tumor-associated cells.
| Cancer type | Impacts of TNF receptor 2 (TNFR2) expression on various cells |
|---|---|
| Breast cancer | Promoting tumor cell growth (49); inhibiting programmed death of tumor cells (48); stabilizing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) (91); and relating to suppressive function of regulatory T (Treg) cells (82) |
| Colon cancer | Advancing carcinogenesis of epithelia cells (59–61); promoting tumor cell proliferation (55, 56); enhancing angiogenesis by upregulating VEGF-A in tumor cells (56); inducing cancer-associated fibroblasts (100); activating Treg cells (78, 105); and supporting metastasis (92) |
| Cervical cancer | Facilitating tumorigenesis (58) |
| Fibrosarcoma | Promoting MDSC accumulation (85) |
| Liver cancer | Expanding Treg cells (78) and promoting tumoral accumulation of MDSC by inducing specific chemokine receptor (87) |
| Lung cancer | Helping to form metastasis niche by stabilizing MDSC (92); promoting VEGF release and anti-apoptotic ability of tumor cells (50, 51); and associating with inhibitory effects of Treg cells (67, 82) |
| Melanoma | Maintaining Treg cells (71); contributing to T cell exhaustion (80) |
| Ovarian cancer | Acting as oncogene in tumor cells (104); expanding Treg cells (104); and promoting Treg cells to impair T-helper 1 immunity (77) |
| Renal cancer | Driving proliferation of tumor stem cells (54) and accelerating tumor cell division (53, 79) |
| Skin cancer | Advancing malignant transformation of epidermal cells (40) |
| Plasmacytoma | Driving MDSC expansion (85) |
| Lymphoma | Enhancing angiogenesis by inducing interleukin-6 secretion from malignant cells (52) and augmenting activation-induced death of cytotoxic T cells (79) |
| Leukemia | Relating to Treg cell expansion (102, 103) |
References exploring biological functions of TNFR2 in tumorigenesis, tumor progression, anti-apoptosis, or non-specified other processes in human cancer and murine tumor models within the last 10 years.