Table 4. Age-adjusted poisoning mortality per 100 000 people by location, age group, type of substance and intent in China, 2006–2016: females.
| Variable | Mortality per 100 000 people (95% CI) by year |
% change in rate (95% CI)a | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | ||
| All | 7.6 (7.3 to 7.9) | 7.7 (7.4 to 8.0) | 8.1 (7.8 to 8.4) | 7.2 (6.9 to 7.5) | 6.8 (6.5 to 7.0) | 6.0 (5.8 to 6.3) | 5.7 (5.5 to 5.9) | 4.9 (4.7 to 5.1) | 4.6 (4.4 to 4.8) | 4.5 (4.3 to 4.7) | 3.8 (3.6 to 4.0) | −50 (−53 to −46) |
| Location | ||||||||||||
| Urban | 4.6 (4.2 to 4.9) | 4.2 (3.9 to 4.6) | 4.5 (4.1 to 4.8) | 4.1 (3.8 to 4.5) | 3.9 (3.5 to 4.2) | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.4) | 2.9 (2.6 to 3.1) | 2.5 (2.3 to 2.8) | 2.6 (2.3 to 2.8) | 2.5 (2.3 to 2.8) | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.5) | −50 (−56 to −44) |
| Rural | 9.6 (9.2 to 10.0) | 10.1 (9.7 to 10.5) | 10.6 (10.2 to 11.0) | 9.4 (9.0 to 9.8) | 8.8 (8.4 to 9.2) | 8.3 (7.9 to 8.7) | 7.9 (7.5 to 8.3) | 6.9 (6.5 to 7.2) | 6.4 (6.0 to 6.7) | 6.1 (5.8 to 6.4) | 5.1 (4.8 to 5.5) | −47 (−50 to −43) |
| Age group | ||||||||||||
| 0–4 years | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.1) | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.1) | 2.0 (1.4 to 2.6) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.5) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | 1.8 (1.3 to 2.4) | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.4) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.3) | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.1) | −5 (−52 to 91) |
| 5–14 years | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.3) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.2) | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.2) | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.6) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.5) | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.0) | 0.6 (0.4 to 0.8) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) | 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) | −59 (−77 to −27) |
| 15–24 years | 3.7 (3.2 to 4.2) | 3.7 (3.2 to 4.1) | 4.4 (3.9 to 4.9) | 3.6 (3.2 to 4.1) | 4.3 (3.8 to 4.8) | 3.5 (3.0 to 4.0) | 3.0 (2.5 to 3.4) | 2.4 (2.0 to 2.7) | 2.0 (1.7 to 2.4) | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.0) | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.4) | −69 (−76 to −60) |
| 25–44 years | 6.4 (6.0 to 6.8) | 6.5 (6.0 to 6.9) | 6.7 (6.2 to 7.1) | 6.2 (5.8 to 6.6) | 5.1 (4.7 to 5.5) | 4.9 (4.5 to 5.3) | 4.1 (3.8 to 4.5) | 3.9 (3.5 to 4.2) | 3.2 (2.9 to 3.5) | 3.1 (2.8 to 3.4) | 2.5 (2.2 to 2.8) | −61 (−66 to −56) |
| 45–64 years | 8.6 (8.0 to 9.2) | 8.7 (8.1 to 9.4) | 9.0 (8.4 to 9.7) | 7.5 (6.9 to 8.0) | 7.3 (6.8 to 7.8) | 6.5 (6.0 to 7.0) | 6.9 (6.4 to 7.4) | 5.5 (5.1 to 6.0) | 5.0 (4.6 to 5.4) | 5.1 (4.7 to 5.5) | 5.0 (4.5 to 5.4) | −42 (−48 to −36) |
| ≥ 65 years | 27.3 (25.5 to 29.1) | 28.0 (26.2 to 29.8) | 28.6 (26.8 to 30.4) | 27.0 (25.3 to 28.8) | 25.6 (23.9 to 27.2) | 20.9 (19.5 to 22.3) | 20.6 (19.2 to 22.0) | 18.6 (17.3 to 19.9) | 19.8 (18.5 to 21.2) | 18.9 (17.6 to 20.2) | 16.0 (14.8 to 17.1) | −42 (−47 to −36) |
| External cause | ||||||||||||
| Drugb | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8) | 0.8 (0.7 to 0.9) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.7) | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.7) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.6) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.5) | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.5) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.5) | 0.3 (0.3 to 0.4) | −51 (−61 to −39) |
| Alcohol | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | −7 (−42 to 50) |
| Pesticides | 5.6 (5.4 to 5.9) | 5.8 (5.5 to 6.0) | 5.9 (5.6 to 6.1) | 5.5 (5.2 to 5.7) | 5.0 (4.8 to 5.2) | 4.2 (4.0 to 4.4) | 4.1 (3.9 to 4.3) | 3.6 (3.4 to 3.8) | 3.3 (3.1 to 3.4) | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.3) | 2.6 (2.5 to 2.8) | −54 (−57 to −50) |
| Other gases/vapours | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.8 (0.7 to 0.8) | 0.8 (0.7 to 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.8 (0.7 to 0.9) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.7) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.8) | −1 (−16 to 17) |
| Other poisoning | 0.5 (0.5 to 0.6) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.6) | 0.4 (0.3 to 0.4) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.4) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | −80 (−86 to −73) |
| Intent | ||||||||||||
| Unintentional | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.6) | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.6) | 1.9 (1.7 to 2.0) | 1.8 (1.6 to 1.9) | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.9) | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.9) | 1.7 (1.6 to 1.8) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4) | −12 (−22 to −1) |
| Suicide | 5.8 (5.6 to 6.1) | 6.1 (5.8 to 6.3) | 6.0 (5.7 to 6.2) | 5.3 (5.0 to 5.5) | 4.8 (4.6 to 5.0) | 4.1 (3.9 to 4.3) | 3.9 (3.7 to 4.1) | 3.4 (3.2 to 3.6) | 3.1 (2.9 to 3.3) | 3.0 (2.8 to 3.2) | 2.5 (2.3 to 2.6) | −57 (−60 to −54) |
| Undetermined | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.3 (0.2 to 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.0 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | 0.1 (0.1 to 0.1) | −74 (−83 to −62) |
CI: confidence interval.
a Percentage change in mortality and its 95% CI was calculated as: (mortality rate ratio−1) × 100.
b Drugs include nonopioid analgesic, antipyretic and antirheumatic drugs; sedative-hypnotic, antiparkinsonism and psychotropic drugs and narcotics and psychodysleptics [hallucinogens].
Notes: Mortality for overall and subgroup poisoning rates (excluding the six age groups) were age-adjusted using the population of China in 2010 (the most recent census).