Table 1.
Patient Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Number of patients (%) |
|---|---|
| Age group | |
| 0-17 | 281 (0.7) |
| 18-44 | 4097 (10.7) |
| 45-64 | 12 798 (33.4) |
| 65-74 | 9811 (25.6) |
| ⩾75 | 11 382 (29.7) |
| Female sex | 14 979 (39) |
| Race | |
| Caucasian | 26 988 (70.3) |
| Asian | 2554 (6.7) |
| Indian subcontinent | 2044 (5.3) |
| Indigenous | 1777 (4.6) |
| Black | 1430 (3.7) |
| Other or unknown | 3576 (9.3) |
| Income quintilea | |
| 5 (high) | 5588 (14.6) |
| 4 | 6764 (17.6) |
| 3 | 7325 (19.1) |
| 2 | 8386 (21.9) |
| 1 (low) | 9587 (25.0) |
| Missing | 719 (1.9) |
| Province/territoryb | |
| British Columbia | 6696 (17.5) |
| Alberta | 4483 (11.7) |
| Saskatchewan | 1729 (4.5) |
| Ontario | 21 743 (56.7) |
| New Brunswick | 1032 (2.7) |
| Nova Scotia | 1437 (3.7) |
| Prince Edward Island | 193 (0.5) |
| Newfoundland and Labrador | 1008 (2.6) |
| Territories | 48 (0.1) |
| Modalityc | |
| HD | 30 777 (80.2) |
| PD | 7592 (19.8) |
| Care locationc | |
| In center | 30 860 (80.4) |
| Home | 7509 (19.6) |
| Cause of ESKD | |
| Diabetes | 13 863 (36.1) |
| Renal vascular disease | 7104 (18.5) |
| Glomerulonephritis | 4924 (12.8) |
| Uncertain | 3035 (7.9) |
| Congenital/hereditary | 2190 (5.7) |
| Other | 4963 (12.9) |
| Missing | 2290 (6.0) |
| Comorbidities | |
| Cardiovascular disease | 11 339 (29.6) |
| Congestive heart failure | 8757 (22.8) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 4982 (13.0) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 6065 (15.8) |
| Diabetesd | 4982 (13.0) |
| Malignancy | 5061 (13.2) |
| COPD | 4281 (11.2) |
| Hypertension | 29 336 (76.5) |
| Predialysis hospitalizationse | |
| 0 | 12 910 (33.6) |
| 1 | 16 070 (41.9) |
| 2 | 5931 (15.5) |
| 3 | 2150 (5.6) |
| 4 | 817 (2.1) |
| 5 | 313 (0.8) |
| 6 | 98 (0.3) |
| ⩾7 | 80 (0.2) |
Note. All variables are captured at the start of dialysis. HD = hemodialysis; PD = peritoneal dialysis; ESKD = end-stage kidney disease; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
Patient level household income is an estimate using neighborhood income levels.
b
Province/territory is determined by issuance of health card.
c
Dialysis modality and care location were determined at baseline. In-center care location was assigned to patients on HD or PD receiving total in-center care at the time of dialysis initiation.
d
The diabetes comorbidity variable excludes patients with a primary ESKD diagnosis of diabetes.
e
Denotes the number of hospital admissions within 6 months before the first dialysis treatment.